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NuSTAR, NASA’s black hole hunter

NASA is set to launch a telescope into space to find and study black holes, mysterious celestial bodies that lie at the heart of every massive galaxy including the Milky Way

Agencies

Posted On Thursday, June 14, 2012 at 09:00:22 AM

NASA is poised to launch a sophisticated orbiting telescope that uses high-energy X-ray vision to hunt for black holes in the universe.

The Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array (NuSTAR) will first be carried into the skies by a jet which will deploy a rocket that sends the satellite into space, NASA said. “Why launch from the air? Plane-assisted launches are less expensive than those that take place from the ground. Less fuel is needed to boost cargo away from the pull of Earth’s gravity,” they said in a statement.

Top: An artist’s rendering of the latest X-ray telescope, set to launch on a two-year mission; Below: The rocket will launch it in-flight

The project aims to study energetic phenomena such as black holes and the explosions of massive stars.

“NuSTAR will open a whole new window on the universe,” said Fiona Harrison, who is a professor at the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena and is the principal investigator on NuSTAR.

It will be the “first telescope to focus high energy X-rays. As such it will make images that are 10 times crisper and 100 times more sensitive than any telescope that has operated in this region of the spectrum.”

The observatory is designed to launch on a rocket from underneath the belly of an aircraft.

NuSTAR is more potent than its predecessors because of the way it focuses high-energy X-ray light by using nested shells of mirrors to prevent the light from reflecting off.

With 133 nested mirrors in each of two optical units, the telescope also uses state-of-the-art detectors and a long mast that connects the optical units to the detectors and allows enough distance for a sharp focus.

The 33-foot mast will launch in a folded-up position but will extend about a week after launch, bringing it to about the length of a school bus.

“It used to be thought that black holes were rare and exotic – that was just 20 years ago,” said Harrison. “Today we know that every massive galaxy, like our Milky Way, has a massive black hole at its heart.”

The new observatory aims to give a better view of the workings of a black hole, since the dust and gas that gets sucked into the gravity of a black hole becomes quite hot from speed and friction created as it circulates around the edge.

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